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Re: Reference Help

Posted: September 26th, 2016, 10:34 am
by PleatBox
Ah I see, thanks for the clarification =D>

It's a bit hard to understand these because I can't install reference finder due to space, so I can't really input all the calculations I get. For now, thanks for the overview, if I have any questions I'll just come back here :)

Re: Reference Help

Posted: September 26th, 2016, 3:17 pm
by kareshi
I need a square divided into 23rds. It's easy enough to make 24ths and cut off one unit, but how to get real 23rds?

Re: Reference Help

Posted: September 26th, 2016, 4:11 pm
by origami_8

Re: Reference Help

Posted: September 26th, 2016, 4:13 pm
by nathanzimet
hi kareshi!
John Montroll in his book Origami Polyhedra Design gives some great methods for finding landmarks (i'd post the page but can't due to copyright). If you have the book, do take a look.

Image

This method is finding the highest power of 2 underneath the number of divisions you want, in this case 16 is the smallest under 23. Then take the number of divisions wanted, subtract the power of 2, and use that as a fraction with the power of 2. in this case, 23—16=7, so we put on the side 7/16. Then fold from the 7/16ths landmark to the opposite corner, and along the diagonal you'll have your landmark.

Re: Reference Help

Posted: September 30th, 2016, 4:42 am
by Mir Numaan
Anyone know the most accurate way to fold 4√2:3√2-1 ratio? Thank you

Re: Reference Help

Posted: October 1st, 2016, 6:35 am
by ShuaiJanaiDesu
For folding 4√2:3√2-1, I'm not sure this is the simplest way, but here it is,
Image

Steps:
1. Fold both diagonals.
(Then, from the top left corner)
2. mark 1/4 of the edge and fold the corner.
3. fold the angle bisector (as indicated).
4. fold a crease from [the intersection of previous fold with diagonal] towards the edge of the paper.
5. fold the line connecting the two circled points.
6. the intersection of the prev. crease with the diagonal is the reference point.

Re: Reference Help

Posted: October 1st, 2016, 7:00 am
by Merlyngami
So how do you work out ratios like that one, with √2 in it?

Re: Reference Help

Posted: October 1st, 2016, 5:45 pm
by mkosmul
Merlyngami wrote:So how do you work out ratios like that one, with √2 in it?
The square root of 2 is the length of the diagonal of a 1×1 square. So the easiest way to get multiples of √2 is to take the diagonal of a proportionally larger square. Similarly, you can get other roots as diagonals of different rectangles, via the Pythagorean Theorem, e.g. √5 is the diagonal of 2×1 rectangle, etc.

Re: Reference Help

Posted: October 1st, 2016, 7:18 pm
by Merlyngami
Yeah, I understand how you get the ratios, what I was meaning was: how do you work out how to fold ratios with √2, etc in :)

Re: Reference Help

Posted: October 2nd, 2016, 8:24 am
by ShuaiJanaiDesu
Short answer:

you basically need to divide the paper up into equal parts of either '1', '√2', or '1+√2'. Then be able to measure '1' and '√2' from those 'equal parts' on the opposite side.

==================

Detailed (possibly confusing) answer:

First off making sure we understand how to fold nths (like dividing paper into thirds, fifths, thirteenths, etc.):
(This one shows how to get fifths using fourths(four 'equal parts' of '1's))
Image

We basically make use of Similar Triangles.
For all of the shapes in the pic above, we just need to make two triangles created by two straight lines such that the ratio of the two triangles' size is the ratio we're looking for.

---------------
I will use 4√2:3√2 - 1 as an example. (prev. asked by Mir Numaan)
Image
For this example, I divided the paper up into 'equal parts' of √2 (not 'equal parts' of 1)
-> for #4, I divided the paper up into 4 'equal parts' of √2
____-> Then, I measured 1 'part' of √2 + 1 'part' of 1 on the other side (Note: 4√2 - (3√2 -1) = 1+√2)
-> for #5, I divided the paper up into 3 'equal parts' of √2
____-> Then, I measured 1 'part' of 1 from the other side.

================
I'm sorry if this was all confusing. (It means I'm bad at explaining :( ) But if you can understand my first picture (dividing into 5), you're on the right track.

Re: Reference Help

Posted: October 2nd, 2016, 8:29 pm
by Merlyngami
Thanks a lot ShuaniDanaiJesu :)
That was a good explanation, and I think I do understand it. Before now I've just had to use reference finder for references like that, so it will be nice to be able to do it myself :D

Re: Reference Help

Posted: October 7th, 2016, 5:27 am
by Merlyngami
So... I had a try at getting the reference point for 4 : 5+2√2 (using the techniques shown in shuanidanaijesu's post), but I couldn't really find anything that was any nicer to fold than the referencefinder solution. Does anyone know if there is an elegant folding sequence for this ratio?

Re: Reference Help

Posted: October 7th, 2016, 2:13 pm
by ShuaiJanaiDesu
(I don't know if this is 'elegant' but) One way to find "4:5+2√2" is to first find "4+2√2:5" then split apart the larger and find "4:2√2:5"

Image
1. fold the diagonal and angle bisector (black lines)
2. divide the edge of the right side under the angle bisector into 4 'parts'. Then make a mark 1 'part' above the end of the angle bisector. (therefore, you should get a mark that is 5 'parts' above the corner)
3. make a fold connecting the previous mark with the lower left corner. (red line)
4. fold perpendicular to the edge and fold the angle bisector (blue lines)

=================
some explanation of how I came up with this fold sequence:

I decided to find "4+2√2:5" instead of "4:5+2√2" because of the numbers "4" and "2√2".
The reason why these two numbers are important (and why I wanted to keep them together) is because 4:2√2 = √2:1 and √2:1 is a ratio that can be easily obtained by folding the angle bisector of 45degrees(which is step 1 and 4 above).

Because of this, I knew that getting the ratio "4:2√2" from a length of "4+2√2" would be easy(step 4). Therefore, all I needed to do is to find length '5' from a side of length '4+2√2'. (Getting side length '4+2√2' is easy, since all it requires is angle bisector of 45deg and dividing into 4 parts. Getting 5 from that is a bit tedious but doable.)

=================
Also something I wanted to add:
Merlyngami wrote:[...] but I couldn't really find anything that was any nicer to fold than the referencefinder solution.
For complex ratios, referencefinder's solution might give you a simpler folding sequence because RF doesn't necessarily look for 100% accurate results. And "the amount of accuracy you give up by using RF + shorter solution" might be more beneficial than "the amount of time it takes to find an accurate solution + longer solution". And nobody will be 100% accurate at folding paper so even my solution will get a tiny bit of error during the folding process.
All I wanted to say is that the RF solution is usually as good as the 'accurate' solution, so (if you're not like me who likes math and likes to figure out these reference points,) using RF might be better/easier. :)

Re: Reference Help

Posted: October 7th, 2016, 7:19 pm
by Merlyngami
Thanks, i didn't think of doing it like that :)
Part of the reason I wanted to a folding sequence like that is that im thinking of drawing a cp for my velociraptor, but I want to have a way to find the reference that can be shown in one step, like how you drew it (referencefinder solutions wouldn't be understandable if you showed all the folds in one step).

Re: Reference Help

Posted: November 15th, 2016, 5:00 pm
by Baltorigamist
One thing I think I should bring up here is Robert Lang's Crossing Diagonals Theorem. He mentioned it in some detail in a paper (one I don't have the link to at the moment, unfortunately), but it helps a lot with finding those weird irrational proportions. I admit I don't fully understand the math behind it, but I understand enough that I've been able to find some pretty cool ratios for my designs.

Take my Husky, for example (picture on my Flickr). The reference point on the bottom edge worked out to (1 + sqrt2) : (2sqrt2), which looks pretty intimidating at first. But by geometry and some intuition, I managed to find a pretty efficient sequence for finding it:

The proportion 1 : (1+sqrt2), as mentioned above, is found easily enough by the use of a simple bisector. This sets the side of the square at length (1 + sqrt2), and the bisector hits the opposite edge exactly 1 unit from the nearest corner.
This means that the distance from that point to the farther corner is sqrt2 units, and that creates a sqrt2 : (1+ sqrt2) rectangle with the opposite edge of the square. Crease the diagonal of that rectangle, and any rectangle with that crease as the diagonal has those proportions sqrt2 : (1 + sqrt2). So there's the (1 + sqrt2) part of the proportion.
As I mentioned, any rectangle with that diagonal has those proportions. So the next step is to compare sqrt2 and the other half of the proportion (namely 2sqrt2). You'll notice that they simplify to 1/2, which means we need a rectangle with proportions 1 : 2.
It just so happens that 1 : 2 is extremely easy to find: It's the midpoint of the opposite side to the corner. All you have to do is crease the angle bisector of the top corner and connect the other end of the crease with the corresponding bottom corner. Then find the midpoint of that side and connect that to the opposite bottom corner. A perpendicular from the point of intersection divides the bottom edge into (1 + sqrt2) : (2sqrt2).

It would be a lot easier to explain if I had a diagram, but hopefully I described it well enough. The same method (or an analogous one) can be used to find literally any set of proportions you need; the only catch is that there's no guarantee of a low number of steps. But I find it to be very useful for my own designs--and origami in general.